Mujeres víctimas de violencia aspectos neurobiopsicológicos y su implicación en el sistema de justicia
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Published:
Jun 11, 2024
Updated:
2024-06-11
Versions:
2024-06-11 (2)
Keywords:
violence, neuroscience, victim, justice, human rights, femicides, neurolaw
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Abstract
Violence against women in Mexico has profound physical and psychological consequences, exacerbated by social, economic and genetic factors. With the growing rates of femicides and gender violence, the need arises to prioritize not only punitive responses, but also prevention, taking into account the factors that influence the development of victims. The analysis of these factors is essential to improve the living conditions of survivors, reducing affectations and avoiding revictimization and stigmatization. The challenge is to balance justice with the improvement of social and cultural conditions.
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Alemán Ortiz, O. F., Herrera Carrasco, M. E., & Quijada Chacón, A. D. (2024). Mujeres víctimas de violencia: aspectos neurobiopsicológicos y su implicación en el sistema de justicia. The Mexican Journal of Criminal Sicences , 7(22), 103–134. https://doi.org/10.57042/rmcp.v7i22.679 (Original work published February 9, 2024)
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Circumstances in the administration and administration of justice
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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References
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Charmandari, E., Tsigos, C. y Chrousos, G. (2005). “Endocrinology of the stress response”. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 67, 259-284.
Castro, R. (2016). “Violencia de género”. Conceptos clave en los estudios de género. 1, 339- 354.
Lezar, M. D., Howieson, D. B. y Loring, D. W. (2004). Neuropsychological Assessment 4a ed. Nueva York: Oxford University Press.
CIDH, Convención Interamericana para Prevenir, Sancionar y Erradicar la Violencia contra la Mujer, conocida como Convención de Belém do Pará. (n.d.).
Ackerman, R. y Banks, M. (09 de octubre de 2008). “Assessment, Treatment, and Rehabilitation for Interpersonal Violence Victims. Women Sustaining Head Injuries”. Women & Therapy, 26, 343-363.
Armario, A. (2015). “Studying chronic stress in animals: purposes, models and consequences”. Neuroendocrinol. Stress.
Armario, A. (2006). “The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: what can it tell us about stressors?”. cns Neurol. Disord. Drug Targets, 5, 485-501.
Black, M. y Breiding, M. (2008). “Adverse health conditions and health risks behaviors associated with intimate partner violence. United States”. JAMA J. Am. Med. Assoc., 57(5), 113-117.
Bilder, R. y Kane, J. (1991). “Evaluación de los trastornos mentales orgánicos”. Med. Las Enferm. Ment. Eval. Psicométrica Para Los Clín., 183-203.
Billoux, S., Arbus, C., Telmon, N. y Voltzenlogel, V. (2016). “Autobiographical memory impairment in female victims of intimate partner violence”. J. Fam. Violence, 31, 897-902.
Biggs, E., Timmers, I., Meulders, A., Vlaeyen, J., Goebel, R. y Kaas, A. (2020). “The neural correlates of pain-related fear: a meta-analysis comparing fear conditioning studies using painful and non-painful stimuli”. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 119, 52-65.
Bremner, J. (2006). “Traumatic stress: effects on the brain”. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 445-461.
Daugherty, J. C., Verdejo, R. J., Pérez-García, M. e Hidalgo-Ruzzante, N. (11 de diciembre de 2022). “Las víctimas de violencia de género sufren alteraciones cerebrales”. Revista Neurología/Formación Online.
Denney, R. (2005). “Criminal Forensic Neuropsychology and Assessment of Competency”, en Larrabee, G. (comp.), Forensic Neuropsychology (pp. 438-472). Nueva York, Oxford University Press.
Dubourdieu, M. y Nasi, M. (2017). Cáncer y Psico-Neuro-Inmunología. Clínica Integrativa en Oncología. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Nativa.
Flegar, S., Fouche, J., Jordaan, E., Marais, S., Spottiswoode, B., Stein, D., y Vythilingum, B. (2011). “The neural correlates of intimate partner violence in women”. J. Psychiatry (South Africa), 14, 310–314.
Fennema-Notestine, C., Stein, M., Kennedy, C., Archibald, S. y Jernigan, T. (2002). “Brain morphometry in female victims of intimate partner violence with and without posttraumatic stress disorder”. Biol. Psychiatry, 52,1089-1101.
Fernández- Guinea, S. (16 de agosto de 2001). “Estrategias a seguir en el diseño de los programas de rehabilitación neuropsicológica para personas con daño cerebral”. Neurología, 33(04), 373-377.
Fonzo, G., Simmons, A., Thorp, S., Norman, S., Paulus, M. y Stein, M. (2010). “Exaggerated and disconnected insular- amygdalar blood oxygenation level-dependent response to threat-related emotional faces in women with intimate-partner violence posttraum stress disorder”. Biol. Psychiatry, 68(10), 433-441.
García Navarro, C., Gordillo León, F., y Pérez Nieto, M. (2020). Análisis de las consecuencias cognitivas y afectivas de la violencia de género en relación con el tipo de maltrato”. Ansiedad y Estrés, 26, 39-45.
García-Moreno, C., Pallitto, C., Devries, K., Pallitto, C., Devries, K., Stöckl, H., . . . Abrahams, N. (2013). Global and Regional Estimates of Violence Against Women: Prevalence and Health Effects of Intimate Partner Violence and Non-partner Sexual Violence. Géneva.
Giuliano, A. J., Barth, J. T., Hawk, G. L. y Ryan, T. V. (1997). The Forensic Neuropsychologists: precedents, roles and problems, en Mccaffrey, R. J., Williams, A. D., Fisher, J. M. Y Laing, L. C. (comps.), The Practice of Forensic Neuropsychology. Nueva York: Meeting Challenges in the Courtroom, Plenum Press.
Goldberg, X., Espelt, C., Porta-Casteràs, D., Palao, D., Nadal, R. y Armario, A. (2021). “Non-communicable diseases among women survivors of intimate partner violence: Critical review from a chronic stress framework”. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 128, 720-734.
González-Ortega, I., Echeburúa, E., de Corral, P. y Polo-López, R. (2015). “Pathological gambling: Clinical gender differences”, en Psychopathology in Women; Springer: Cham, Switzerland, pp. 713-726.
Goodman, L. A., Smyth, K. F., Borges, A. M. y Singer, R. (2009). “When crises collide: How intimate partner violence and poverty intersect to shape women’s mental health and coping?”. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 10(4), 306-329.
Herman, J. L. (1997). Trauma and Recovery: The Aftermath of Violence – From Domestic Abuse to Political Terror. Basic Books.
Herrera, K. y Diez, A. (2004). “Violencia contra las Mujeres: Tratamiento por Parte de la Justicia Penal de Guatemala”. Reforma “Género y Reformas a la Justicia Procesal Penal” que lleva adelante el Centro de Estudios.
Hinkin, C., Thrasher, D. y Van Gore, W. (2003). “Forensic Neuropsychology”, en Arnold (comp.). Principles and Practice of Forensic Psychiatry, 610-620.
Holz, N., Tost, H. y Meyer-Lindenberg, A. (2020). “Resilience and the brain: a key role for regulatory circuits linked to social stress and support”. Mol. Psychiatry 25(2), 379- 396.
Islam, R. y Kaffman, A. (2021). “White-matter repair as a novel therapeutic target for early adversity”. Front. Neurosci, 15, 657-693.
Jackson, H., Philp, E., Nuttall, R. y Diller, L. (2002). “Traumatic brain injury: A hidden consequence for battered women”. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 39-45.
Jarne, A. y Aliaga, Á. (2010). Manual de Neuropsicología Forense. Barcelona, España: Herder.
Kennedy, C., Tarokh, L. y Stein, M. (2001). “Cognitive difficulties and posttraumatic stress disorder in female victims of intimate partner violence”. CNS Spectr. 6, 787–792.
McLaughlin, K. y Sheridan, M. (2016). “Beyond cumulative risk: a dimensional approach to childhood adversity”. Curr. Dir Psychol. Sci., 25, 239-245.
Mcmahon, E. y Satz, P. (1981). “Clinical neuropsychology: some forensic applications”, en FiLskov, S. y Boll, T. (comps.), en Clinical Neuropsychology. Nueva York: Handbook.
Marín Torices, M., Hidalgo-Ruzzante, N. y Sabio, V. (2016). “Neuropsicología forense en un caso de violencia de género”. Psicol. Conduct., 24, 361-376.
Me, A., Yee, S. y Mingeirou, K. (2022). Asesinatos de mujeres y niñas por razones de género (feminicidio/femicidio). Estimaciones mundiales de asesinatos de mujeres y niñas en el ámbito privado 2021. Oficina de las Naciones Unidas contra la Droga y el Delito. Estimaciones mundiales de asesinatos de mujeres y niñas en el ámbito privado. UNODC.
Rizzo, A. A., Schultheis, M., Kerns, K. A. y Mateer, C. (2004). “Analysis of assets for virtual reality applications in neuropsychology”. Neuropsychological rehabilitation, 14, 207-239.
Rohleder, N. (2012). “Acute and chronic stress induced changes in sensitivity of peripheral inflammatory pathways to the signals of multiple stress systems-2011. Curt Richter Award Winner”. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 37(3), 307-316.
Roos, A., Fouche, J. y Stein, D. (2017). “Brain network connectivity in women exposed to intimate partner violence: a graph theory analysis study”. Brain Imaging Behav, 11, 1629-1639.
Sánchez, L. (2020). “Violencia de género y feminicidios en México: los datos hablan”. Letras libres.
Seedat, S., Stein, M., Kennedy, C. y Hauger, R. (2003). “Plasma cortisol and neuropeptide y in female victims of intimate partner violence”. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 28, 796-808.
SESNSP-CNI (s.f.). Información reportada por las Procuradurías o Fiscalías de las 32 entidades federativas.
Simmons, A., Matthews, S. C., Paulus, M. P. y Stein, M. B. (2008). Intolerance of uncertainty correlates with insula activation during affective ambiguity. Neuroscience letters, 430, 92-97.
Solmi, M., Radua, J., Olivola, M., Croce, E., Soardo, L., Salazar de Pablo, G., Fusar-Poli, P. (2021). “Age at onset of mental disorders worldwide: large- scale meta-analysis of 192 epidemiological studies”. Mol. Psychiatry, 1-15.
Stein, M., Kennedy, C. y Twamley, E. (2002). “Neuropsychological function in female victims of intimate partner violence with and without posttraumatic stress disorder”. Biol. Psychiatry, 52(11), 1079-1088.
Strigo, I. A., Simmons, A. N., Mattews, S. C., Grimes, E. M., Allard, C. B., Reinhardt, L. E., Stein, M. B. (2010). “Neural correlates of altered pain response in women with posttraumatic stress disorder from intimate partner violence”. Biol Psyquiatry, 68(5), 442-50.
Torres García, C., Peinado Moreno, M., Gómez Aguado, R. y Ramírez Acosta, T. (2009). “Equilibrio ético para toma de decisiones asistenciales en pacientes críticos”. Revista Cubana de Enfermería, 25, 3-4.
Torres García, A. V. (2014). “Evaluación neuropsicológica en mujeres víctimas de violencia de género”. Universidad de Salamanca.
Triantafyllou, D., Wang, C. y North, C. (2016). “Correlates of duration of intimate partner violence among women seeking services at a domestic violence. Support center. J. Interpers. Violence, 34, 1127-1138.
Twamley, E., Allard, C., Thorp, S., Norman, S., Cissell, S., Berardi, K., Stein, M. (2009). “Cognitive impairment and functioning in ptsd related to intimate partner violence”. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc., 15, 879-887.
Ulrich-Lai, Y. y Herman, J. (2009). “Neural regulation of endocrine and autonomic stress responses”. Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 10, 397-409.
Van Der Kolk, B. A. (1994). “The body keeps the score: Memory and the evolving psychobiology of posttraumatic stress”. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 1(5), 253-265.
Charmandari, E., Tsigos, C. y Chrousos, G. (2005). “Endocrinology of the stress response”. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 67, 259-284.
Castro, R. (2016). “Violencia de género”. Conceptos clave en los estudios de género. 1, 339- 354.
Lezar, M. D., Howieson, D. B. y Loring, D. W. (2004). Neuropsychological Assessment 4a ed. Nueva York: Oxford University Press.
CIDH, Convención Interamericana para Prevenir, Sancionar y Erradicar la Violencia contra la Mujer, conocida como Convención de Belém do Pará. (n.d.).
Ackerman, R. y Banks, M. (09 de octubre de 2008). “Assessment, Treatment, and Rehabilitation for Interpersonal Violence Victims. Women Sustaining Head Injuries”. Women & Therapy, 26, 343-363.
Armario, A. (2015). “Studying chronic stress in animals: purposes, models and consequences”. Neuroendocrinol. Stress.
Armario, A. (2006). “The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: what can it tell us about stressors?”. cns Neurol. Disord. Drug Targets, 5, 485-501.
Black, M. y Breiding, M. (2008). “Adverse health conditions and health risks behaviors associated with intimate partner violence. United States”. JAMA J. Am. Med. Assoc., 57(5), 113-117.
Bilder, R. y Kane, J. (1991). “Evaluación de los trastornos mentales orgánicos”. Med. Las Enferm. Ment. Eval. Psicométrica Para Los Clín., 183-203.
Billoux, S., Arbus, C., Telmon, N. y Voltzenlogel, V. (2016). “Autobiographical memory impairment in female victims of intimate partner violence”. J. Fam. Violence, 31, 897-902.
Biggs, E., Timmers, I., Meulders, A., Vlaeyen, J., Goebel, R. y Kaas, A. (2020). “The neural correlates of pain-related fear: a meta-analysis comparing fear conditioning studies using painful and non-painful stimuli”. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 119, 52-65.
Bremner, J. (2006). “Traumatic stress: effects on the brain”. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 445-461.
Daugherty, J. C., Verdejo, R. J., Pérez-García, M. e Hidalgo-Ruzzante, N. (11 de diciembre de 2022). “Las víctimas de violencia de género sufren alteraciones cerebrales”. Revista Neurología/Formación Online.
Denney, R. (2005). “Criminal Forensic Neuropsychology and Assessment of Competency”, en Larrabee, G. (comp.), Forensic Neuropsychology (pp. 438-472). Nueva York, Oxford University Press.
Dubourdieu, M. y Nasi, M. (2017). Cáncer y Psico-Neuro-Inmunología. Clínica Integrativa en Oncología. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Nativa.
Flegar, S., Fouche, J., Jordaan, E., Marais, S., Spottiswoode, B., Stein, D., y Vythilingum, B. (2011). “The neural correlates of intimate partner violence in women”. J. Psychiatry (South Africa), 14, 310–314.
Fennema-Notestine, C., Stein, M., Kennedy, C., Archibald, S. y Jernigan, T. (2002). “Brain morphometry in female victims of intimate partner violence with and without posttraumatic stress disorder”. Biol. Psychiatry, 52,1089-1101.
Fernández- Guinea, S. (16 de agosto de 2001). “Estrategias a seguir en el diseño de los programas de rehabilitación neuropsicológica para personas con daño cerebral”. Neurología, 33(04), 373-377.
Fonzo, G., Simmons, A., Thorp, S., Norman, S., Paulus, M. y Stein, M. (2010). “Exaggerated and disconnected insular- amygdalar blood oxygenation level-dependent response to threat-related emotional faces in women with intimate-partner violence posttraum stress disorder”. Biol. Psychiatry, 68(10), 433-441.
García Navarro, C., Gordillo León, F., y Pérez Nieto, M. (2020). Análisis de las consecuencias cognitivas y afectivas de la violencia de género en relación con el tipo de maltrato”. Ansiedad y Estrés, 26, 39-45.
García-Moreno, C., Pallitto, C., Devries, K., Pallitto, C., Devries, K., Stöckl, H., . . . Abrahams, N. (2013). Global and Regional Estimates of Violence Against Women: Prevalence and Health Effects of Intimate Partner Violence and Non-partner Sexual Violence. Géneva.
Giuliano, A. J., Barth, J. T., Hawk, G. L. y Ryan, T. V. (1997). The Forensic Neuropsychologists: precedents, roles and problems, en Mccaffrey, R. J., Williams, A. D., Fisher, J. M. Y Laing, L. C. (comps.), The Practice of Forensic Neuropsychology. Nueva York: Meeting Challenges in the Courtroom, Plenum Press.
Goldberg, X., Espelt, C., Porta-Casteràs, D., Palao, D., Nadal, R. y Armario, A. (2021). “Non-communicable diseases among women survivors of intimate partner violence: Critical review from a chronic stress framework”. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 128, 720-734.
González-Ortega, I., Echeburúa, E., de Corral, P. y Polo-López, R. (2015). “Pathological gambling: Clinical gender differences”, en Psychopathology in Women; Springer: Cham, Switzerland, pp. 713-726.
Goodman, L. A., Smyth, K. F., Borges, A. M. y Singer, R. (2009). “When crises collide: How intimate partner violence and poverty intersect to shape women’s mental health and coping?”. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 10(4), 306-329.
Herman, J. L. (1997). Trauma and Recovery: The Aftermath of Violence – From Domestic Abuse to Political Terror. Basic Books.
Herrera, K. y Diez, A. (2004). “Violencia contra las Mujeres: Tratamiento por Parte de la Justicia Penal de Guatemala”. Reforma “Género y Reformas a la Justicia Procesal Penal” que lleva adelante el Centro de Estudios.
Hinkin, C., Thrasher, D. y Van Gore, W. (2003). “Forensic Neuropsychology”, en Arnold (comp.). Principles and Practice of Forensic Psychiatry, 610-620.
Holz, N., Tost, H. y Meyer-Lindenberg, A. (2020). “Resilience and the brain: a key role for regulatory circuits linked to social stress and support”. Mol. Psychiatry 25(2), 379- 396.
Islam, R. y Kaffman, A. (2021). “White-matter repair as a novel therapeutic target for early adversity”. Front. Neurosci, 15, 657-693.
Jackson, H., Philp, E., Nuttall, R. y Diller, L. (2002). “Traumatic brain injury: A hidden consequence for battered women”. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 39-45.
Jarne, A. y Aliaga, Á. (2010). Manual de Neuropsicología Forense. Barcelona, España: Herder.
Kennedy, C., Tarokh, L. y Stein, M. (2001). “Cognitive difficulties and posttraumatic stress disorder in female victims of intimate partner violence”. CNS Spectr. 6, 787–792.
McLaughlin, K. y Sheridan, M. (2016). “Beyond cumulative risk: a dimensional approach to childhood adversity”. Curr. Dir Psychol. Sci., 25, 239-245.
Mcmahon, E. y Satz, P. (1981). “Clinical neuropsychology: some forensic applications”, en FiLskov, S. y Boll, T. (comps.), en Clinical Neuropsychology. Nueva York: Handbook.
Marín Torices, M., Hidalgo-Ruzzante, N. y Sabio, V. (2016). “Neuropsicología forense en un caso de violencia de género”. Psicol. Conduct., 24, 361-376.
Me, A., Yee, S. y Mingeirou, K. (2022). Asesinatos de mujeres y niñas por razones de género (feminicidio/femicidio). Estimaciones mundiales de asesinatos de mujeres y niñas en el ámbito privado 2021. Oficina de las Naciones Unidas contra la Droga y el Delito. Estimaciones mundiales de asesinatos de mujeres y niñas en el ámbito privado. UNODC.
Rizzo, A. A., Schultheis, M., Kerns, K. A. y Mateer, C. (2004). “Analysis of assets for virtual reality applications in neuropsychology”. Neuropsychological rehabilitation, 14, 207-239.
Rohleder, N. (2012). “Acute and chronic stress induced changes in sensitivity of peripheral inflammatory pathways to the signals of multiple stress systems-2011. Curt Richter Award Winner”. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 37(3), 307-316.
Roos, A., Fouche, J. y Stein, D. (2017). “Brain network connectivity in women exposed to intimate partner violence: a graph theory analysis study”. Brain Imaging Behav, 11, 1629-1639.
Sánchez, L. (2020). “Violencia de género y feminicidios en México: los datos hablan”. Letras libres.
Seedat, S., Stein, M., Kennedy, C. y Hauger, R. (2003). “Plasma cortisol and neuropeptide y in female victims of intimate partner violence”. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 28, 796-808.
SESNSP-CNI (s.f.). Información reportada por las Procuradurías o Fiscalías de las 32 entidades federativas.
Simmons, A., Matthews, S. C., Paulus, M. P. y Stein, M. B. (2008). Intolerance of uncertainty correlates with insula activation during affective ambiguity. Neuroscience letters, 430, 92-97.
Solmi, M., Radua, J., Olivola, M., Croce, E., Soardo, L., Salazar de Pablo, G., Fusar-Poli, P. (2021). “Age at onset of mental disorders worldwide: large- scale meta-analysis of 192 epidemiological studies”. Mol. Psychiatry, 1-15.
Stein, M., Kennedy, C. y Twamley, E. (2002). “Neuropsychological function in female victims of intimate partner violence with and without posttraumatic stress disorder”. Biol. Psychiatry, 52(11), 1079-1088.
Strigo, I. A., Simmons, A. N., Mattews, S. C., Grimes, E. M., Allard, C. B., Reinhardt, L. E., Stein, M. B. (2010). “Neural correlates of altered pain response in women with posttraumatic stress disorder from intimate partner violence”. Biol Psyquiatry, 68(5), 442-50.
Torres García, C., Peinado Moreno, M., Gómez Aguado, R. y Ramírez Acosta, T. (2009). “Equilibrio ético para toma de decisiones asistenciales en pacientes críticos”. Revista Cubana de Enfermería, 25, 3-4.
Torres García, A. V. (2014). “Evaluación neuropsicológica en mujeres víctimas de violencia de género”. Universidad de Salamanca.
Triantafyllou, D., Wang, C. y North, C. (2016). “Correlates of duration of intimate partner violence among women seeking services at a domestic violence. Support center. J. Interpers. Violence, 34, 1127-1138.
Twamley, E., Allard, C., Thorp, S., Norman, S., Cissell, S., Berardi, K., Stein, M. (2009). “Cognitive impairment and functioning in ptsd related to intimate partner violence”. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc., 15, 879-887.
Ulrich-Lai, Y. y Herman, J. (2009). “Neural regulation of endocrine and autonomic stress responses”. Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 10, 397-409.
Van Der Kolk, B. A. (1994). “The body keeps the score: Memory and the evolving psychobiology of posttraumatic stress”. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 1(5), 253-265.